Total no. of subjects: 192.
Inclusive criteria: All pregnant women registered for antenatal care & delivery who were not known to be diabetics were included.
Every registrant was subjected to glucose challenge test with 50g glucose load.
Blood glucose exceeding 130mg% 1 hour after glucose ingestion was considered as positive & followed by a 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test with 100 g glucose load.
Women with negative result were retested at 24 weeks gestation.
GDM was diagnosed on basis of O'Sullivan's criteria.
Plasma glucose values of 105mg%, 190mg%, 165mg%, 145mg% for fasting, 1hour, 2hour & 3hour samples were considered abnormal.
To give diagnosis of GDM, 2 readings had to exceed or equal these values.
A detailed history of every woman was noted, followed by an extensive physical examination.
Diet free of refined sugar was prescribed.
It comprised 30-35 calories/kg ideal body weight/day divided into 3 main meals, 2 in-between snacks & 1 bedtime snack.
Glycemic level was closely monitored.
If after a week of dietary restrictions, optimal control (fasting blood glucose (FBG) 95mg% & 2-hour post prandial 125mg%) was not achieved, insulin therapy was started.
Home blood-glucose monitoring, though highly desirable, could not be practised for economic reasons.
Each subject was seen every 2 weeks until end of pregnancy.
Spontaneous labour was allowed unless contraindicated.
After delivery, dietary restrictions & insulin were withdrawn & blood glucose was monitored.
The infants birth weights were noted.
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